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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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soafrica.3
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Government
Long-form name: Republic of South Africa; abbreviated RSA.
Type: republic.
Capital: administrative, Pretoria; legislative, Cape Town;
judicial, Bloemfontein.
Administrative divisions: 4 provinces; Cape, Natal, Orange
Free State, Transvaal; there are 10 homelands not recognized
by the US--4 independent (Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Transkei,
Venda) and 6 other (Gazankulu, Kangwane, KwaNdebele, KwaZulu,
Lebowa, Qwaqwa).
Independence: 31 May 1910 (from UK).
Constitution: 3 September 1984.
Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and English common
law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations.
National holiday: Republic Day, 31 May (1910).
Executive branch: state president, cabinet, Executive Council
(cabinet) Ministers' Councils (from the three houses of
Parliament).
Legislative branch: tricameral Parliament consists of the
House of Assembly (whites), House of Representatives (Coloreds),
and House of Delegates (Indians).
Judicial branch: Supreme Court.
Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government--State President
Frederik W. DE KLERK (since 13 September 1989).
Political parties and leaders:
white political parties and leaders--National Party (NP),
Frederik W. de Klerk (majority party); Conservative Party (CP),
Dr. Andries P. Treurnicht (official opposition party); Herstigte
National Party (HNP), Jaap Marais; Democratic Party (DP),
Zach De Beer, Wynand Malan, and Denis Worrall;
Colored political parties and leaders--Labor Party (LP),
Allan Hendrickse (majority party); Democratic Reform Party
(DRP), Carter Ebrahim; United Democratic Party (UDP), Jac
Rabie; Freedom Party;
Indian political parties and leaders--Solidarity, J. N.
Reddy (majority party); National People's Party (NPP), Amichand
Rajbansi; Merit People's Party.
Suffrage: universal at age 18, but voting rights are racially based.
Elections:
House of Assembly (whites)--last held 6 September 1989 (next to be
held by September 1994); results--NP 58%, CP 23%, DP 19%; seats--
(178 total, 166 elected) NP 103, CP 41, DP 34;
House of Representatives (Coloreds)--last held 6 September
1989 (next to be held by September 1994); results--percent
of vote by party NA; seats--(85 total, 80 elected) LP 69,
DRP 5, UDP 3, Freedom Party 1, independents 2;
House of Delegates (Indians)--last held 6 September 1989
(next to be held by September 1994); results--percent of
vote by party NA; seats--(45 total, 40 elected) Solidarity
16, NPP 9, Merit People's Party 3, United Party 2, Democratic
Party 2, People's Party 1, National Federal Party 1, independents 6.
Communists: small Communist party illegal since 1950; party
in exile maintains headquarters in London, Daniel Tloome
(Chairman) and Joe Slovo (General Secretary).
Other political groups:
insurgent groups in exile--African National Congress (ANC),
Oliver Tambo; Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), Zephania Mothopeng;
internal antiapartheid groups--Pan-Africanist Movement
(PAM), Clarence Makwetu; United Democratic Front (UDF),
Albertina Sisulu and Archibald Gumede.
Member of: CCC, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHO, ILZSG,
IMF, INTELSAT, ISO, ITU, IWC--International Whaling Commission,
IWC--International Wheat Council, Southern African Customs
Union, UN, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG (membership rights
in IAEA, ICAO, ITU, WHO, WIPO, and WMO suspended or restricted).
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Piet G. J. KOORNHOF;
Chancery at 3051 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC
20008; telephone (202) 232-4400; there are South African
Consulates General in Beverly Hills (California), Chicago,
Houston, and New York; US--Ambassador William L. SWING;
Embassy at Thibault House, 225 Pretorius Street, Pretoria;
telephone [27] (12) 28-4266; there are US Consulates General
in Cape Town, Durban, and Johannesburg.
Flag: actually four flags in one--three miniature flags
reproduced in the center of the white band of the former
flag of the Netherlands which has three equal horizontal
bands of orange (top), white, and blue; the miniature flags
are a vertically hanging flag of the old Orange Free State
with a horizontal flag of the UK adjoining on the hoist
side and a horizontal flag of the old Transvaal Republic
adjoining on the other side.